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According to notion Theocracy, the relationship between religion and state are inseparable. Government in this understanding is run based on the words of God. The government is believed to be the authority of God. The existence of the country in this world is God's will, and therefore the rule is God too.
According to notion Secularism, the relationship between religion and state can not be united because the country is a matter of human relationships with other human beings, whereas religion is human affairs by God. Nevertheless, the secular state to free its citizens to embrace whatever religion they believe, but the state does not intervene in religious affairs.
According to the notion of Communism, the relationship between religion and state is based on the philosophy of dialectical materialism and historical materialism. notion mentions that man is a man of the world community itself which then produces the state. While religion is seen as the fantastic realization of human beings, and religion is being oppressed complaint
According to notion Islamic, the relationship between religion and state are inseparable. Islam is the religion of the plenary, which includes everything, including the country's problems. Therefore, religion can not be separated from the state, and state affairs are matters of religion.
In my opinion, understand the most appropriate is to notion Islam between religion and state because it is a unity that can not be separated. We can not live without the existence of a state religion which we believe will be watching every action we take. Although Islam does not cover everything, however, already includes a set of Islamic principles and ethical values of community life, including the state.
Human rights are rights which are owned by every human being from birth, where this right includes the right to life, the right to obtain employment, the right to issue opinions, and other rights.
Human rights was first declared by the UN in 1948. The contents of the UN declaration of human rights based on are as follows:
a) The right to think and issued an opinion.
b) The right to have something.
c) The right to jobs and education.
d) The right to religious
e) The right to life
f) The right to earn good name and the right to obtain legal protection.
The basic prisnsip on Human Rights in Islam by Ahmed Shafi'i Ma'arif include:
a.Right to life and personal safety, as well as the right to self-protection, honor, and property.
b.Right to freedom of religion and embraced a notion.
c.The right to have property rights and the social function of property rights without any discrimination.
d.The right to choose an appropriate job for humanity.
e.Right to freedom of thought, of expression and the right to teaching and education.
Contents of Human Rights under Law No.39/1999, namely: The right to life, right to a family, the right to develop themselves, the right to justice, the right to liberty, the right to communicate, the right to security, the right to welfare and the right to protection.
Substance of human rights include the rights of equality and liberty rights.
The notion of civil society is highly dependent on socio-cultural conditions of a nation. Clearly, civil society is a society of a virtuous, civilized, or berahlak noble. In Indonesia, the term civil society or civil society around a new popular in the 1990s. Its emergence is closely linked with the phenomenon of global political and social conditions and widespread process of democratization in the world in the 1980's and the internal political dynamics in Indonesia.
Characteristics of civil society are as follows:
a) Free Public Sphere (public space which is free), free public sphere is a free public space as a means of expression.
b) Democracy, is an entity that became enforcers of civil society, which in living their lives, citizens have full freedom to run their daily aktivita.
c) Tolerance, an attitude developed in the civil society to demonstrate mutual respect and appreciate the activities of others.
d) pluralism, a respect for pluralism in the context of life.
e) Social Justice
The pillars of the enforcement of civil society institutions that are part of social control, including: NGOs, the press, rule of law, universities and political parties.
If understood in passing, civil society is a format that puts the life of the spirit of democracy and uphold the values of human rights.
Democracy comes from the Greek word composed of two words: demos meaning people and cratos which means the rule or sovereignty. So, democracy is a state of the country where the system of government power comes from the people, by the people, and for the people.
Democracy as a way of life, the point is in the state should make the life of democracy as a way of life that guides social order of life, nationalities, government, and statehood.
Enforcement elements of democracy consists of:
-State law, the intention is to give the state legal protection for citizens through the institutionalization of an independent judiciary and impartial.
-Civil society is characterized by an open society, free from influence and pressure the state and egalitarian society.
-political Infrasuktur consists of political parties, action groups, and pressure groups.
-A free and responsible.
Types of democracy
-Liberal Democracy, the rule is restricted by law.
-Guided Democracy.
-Social Democracy
